Both the Aztecs and the Romans are credited with creating their own calendars. The Roman calendar was a lunar calendar created by Romulus (an emperor) Months consisted of 29 or 30 days. The calendar was determined by the cycles of the moon, and the seasons of the agriculture.
The Aztecs created two of their own calendars. The first one (Xiuhpohualli) was used to measure time. This calendar had 365 days. It was used to determine when to plant crops. The second calendar (Tonalpohualli) was used to set dates of religious festivals. Aztecs used this calendar to tell when it was a good time to talk to the gods and to make sacrifices to them.
Both calendars were similar because they were used to determine when the best time for agriculture was. They were different though because the Aztec calendar was based on the movement of the sun, and the Roman calendar was based on the movement of the moon.
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